Doorway To Sindh

Presenting Doorway to Sindh

An webinar series where we feature scholars and historians as they discuss Sindhi culture and history. Presented by Aruna Madnani, featuring notable guests and speakers:

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Episode 1

Sindh: Real and Imagined

Through the talk, Prof. Sarah Ansari and Prof. Rita Kothari take us through Sindh, real and imagined homeland from which we have been divorced. The talk delves into the issue of geographic distance between Sindh and Sindhis in India and the perception of Sindh through the complex dissipation of the Sindhi language, the religion and occupations of its diaspora, both in Sindh and India.

Episode 2

How Can I Forget? The Legend of Marui

Marui was born in a community of nomads living in the Thar desert of eastern Sindh. Shah Abdul Latif Bhtai immortalizes the love legend of Marui through his poems. In this film made by the well-known documentary filmmaker Ms Shabnam Virmani, of the Kabir Project we have Prof. Rita Kothari who explores the legend of Marui along with the Sufi scholar, Mr Abdullah Hussain Turk.

Episode 3

Mohenjo Daro

Among the world's oldest cities, Mohenjo-daro is a mystery for researchers even today. Prof Michael Jansen and Dr Kaleemullah Lashari take us through their relationship with Mohenjo-daro, its architecture, the lesser known facts, its trade, script and their international connections through material remains.

Episode 4

Harappa

Who were the Harappans? Are we related to them? Learn more about one of the oldest civilisations of the world from Prof. Vasant Shinde, who has extensively researched Harappan culture and civilization. Learn about the significance of Harappan research, how they are different from the Egyptians and the Mesopotamians and the latest research on the ancient DNA and craniofacial analysis of Harappans and present-day Indians.

Episode 5

Sindhu in the Rigveda

It is said that the Vedas were written on the banks of the Indus river. In this talk, Dr. Sucheta Paranjpe and Dr Shilpa Sumant take us through Rigveda and the Rigvedic Culture. This is an enticing talk on science, philosophy and life as mentioned in the Rigveda.

Episode 7

Buddhist Heritage of Sindh - From Mirpurkhas to Lakhpat

Sindh, a region rich in history, showcases a significant Buddhist heritage that stretches from Mirpurkhas to Lakhpat. This cultural legacy is exemplified by numerous ancient stupas, monasteries, and rock carvings that dot the landscape. The sites in Mirpurkhas, such as the remnants of the ancient city of Umerkot, reveal a blend of artistic influences and architectural styles unique to the period of Buddhism's prominence in the region. Further north, the Thar Desert holds the remains of the once-thriving Buddhist settlements, while Lakhpat boasts impressive rock art that bears testament to the spiritual and artistic expressions of the Buddhist monks. These historical sites not only highlight the significance of Buddhism in Sindh's cultural evolution but also serve as reminders of the region's diverse religious landscape throughout the centuries.

Episode 9

Banbhore - The Forgotten City

Banbhore, an ancient city in Sindh, Pakistan, is a forgotten archaeological treasure believed to be the historic port of Debal. Once a thriving trade hub from the 1st to 13th centuries CE, it played a crucial role in the Arab conquest of Sindh by Muhammad bin Qasim in 711 CE. Over time, shifting trade routes and environmental changes led to its decline. Today, its ruins stand as silent witnesses to a rich past, reflecting a blend of Buddhist, Hindu, and early Islamic influences.

Episode 11

Makli - A Necropolis with a Thousand Stories

Makli, one of the world's largest necropolises, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Sindh, Pakistan, spanning centuries of history. Home to elaborately carved tombs and grand mausoleums, it houses the graves of kings, saints, scholars, and warriors from the 14th to 18th centuries. The site reflects a fusion of Islamic, Persian, and indigenous architectural styles, showcasing Sindh’s rich cultural heritage. Each monument tells a story of power, devotion, and artistic brilliance, making Makli a silent yet profound witness to the region’s past.

Episode 13

Talpur Chauyaris: Administered by four brothers

The Talpur Chauyaris refers to the unique administrative system of Sindh under the Talpur dynasty, where governance was shared among four brothers—Mir Fateh Ali, Mir Ghulam Ali, Mir Karam Ali, and Mir Murad Ali. After overthrowing the Kalhoras in 1783, they established a confederated rule, dividing Sindh into different regions while maintaining unity through collective leadership. The Talpurs strengthened Sindh’s military, patronized art and architecture, and resisted British expansion until their defeat in 1843. Their rule marked a period of stability and cultural growth before Sindh fell under British control.

Episode 15

Banking and Trading Traditions History of the Shikarpuris

The Shikarpuris of Sindh have a rich history of banking and trading traditions, dating back to the 17th and 18th centuries. Renowned for their financial acumen, they established extensive trade networks across Central Asia, Persia, and India. Shikarpuri bankers pioneered the hundi system, an early form of credit and remittance, facilitating commerce over vast distances. Their financial institutions played a crucial role in regional economies, even lending to princely states and colonial governments. Despite changing economic landscapes, the legacy of the Shikarpuri traders remains a testament to Sindh’s historical role in global trade and finance.

Episode 17

The Making of Exile Sindhi Hindus and the Partition of India

The Making of Exile: Sindhi Hindus and the Partition of India explores the poignant story of Sindhi Hindus who were displaced during the 1947 Partition. As the region was divided along religious lines, thousands of Sindhi Hindus were forced to flee their ancestral homes in Sindh (now in Pakistan) and seek refuge in India. The book delves into the emotional, cultural, and social upheaval they experienced, chronicling their struggles with loss, identity, and rebuilding lives in a foreign land. It sheds light on the often overlooked narrative of Sindhi Hindu refugees and their resilience in the face of displacement.

Episode 19

Business History of Sindhis

The business history of Sindhis is marked by a long tradition of entrepreneurship, trade, and financial expertise. Originating from the region of Sindh, Sindhi merchants and businessmen played a pivotal role in regional and global trade networks, particularly in textiles, spices, and commodities. Known for their keen business acumen, Sindhis established successful enterprises across India, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. Their contributions to banking, particularly the development of the hundi system, helped facilitate trade and finance. Despite facing challenges during the Partition, the Sindhi community continues to thrive in business, with many excelling in industries ranging from retail to technology.

Episode 6

Hinglaj

Dr Jürgen Schaflechner and Dr Deepra Dandekar discuss shared sacred spaces through their research on Hinglaj and other Goddess shrines along their trading routes from the coastal regions of Sindh all the way to Maharashtra. Be a part of the journey to Hinglaj!

Episode 8

My Sorrow Cracked The Mountain - The Legend of Sasui

"My Sorrow Cracked The Mountain – The Legend of Sasui" is a Sindhi folktale of love and devotion. Sasui, a washerman’s daughter, falls in love with Prince Punhun, but their union is thwarted when Punhun is taken away by his family. Determined to reunite with him, Sasui embarks on a treacherous journey through the desert. Overcome by exhaustion and grief, she cries out in despair, and the mountains crack open, swallowing her. This tale, celebrated in Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai’s poetry, reflects the Sufi idea of love as a path to spiritual transcendence.

Episode 10

Chachnama - A Tale of Conquests

The Chachnama is a 13th-century Persian chronicle that narrates the conquest of Sindh by the Arabs under Muhammad bin Qasim in 711 CE. Originally written by Ali Kufi, it is both a historical account and a blend of legend, detailing the fall of the Hindu Brahmin dynasty led by Raja Dahir. The text provides insight into early Islamic rule in South Asia, the politics of the region, and the interactions between different cultures. Though often debated for its historical accuracy, Chachnama remains a significant source for understanding the early medieval history of Sindh.

Episode 12

Kalhora

The Kalhora dynasty ruled Sindh from the late 17th to the late 18th century, marking a significant period of political and cultural transformation. Originally a warrior tribe, the Kalhoras rose to power under Mughal patronage but later asserted their independence. They contributed to Sindh’s development through irrigation projects, administrative reforms, and architectural advancements, including the construction of the famous Shah Baharo Canal. Their rule ended in 1783 when they were overthrown by the Talpurs. Despite their fall, the Kalhoras left a lasting legacy in Sindh’s history, blending military strength with cultural patronage.

Episode 14

Sur Samundi

Sur Samundi is one of the poetic surs (melodies) in Shah Jo Risalo, the celebrated work of Sindhi Sufi poet Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai. This sur metaphorically explores themes of devotion, perseverance, and the spiritual journey, often drawing imagery from the vastness of the sea. It symbolizes the soul’s voyage through hardships, much like a sailor navigating stormy waters in search of the divine. Through Sur Samundi, Bhittai conveys the idea that true seekers must endure trials to attain spiritual fulfillment, reflecting the essence of Sufi thought in Sindhi literature.

Episode 16

Sindhworkis and their legacy

The Sindhworkis, or Sindhi craftsmen, have a long-standing legacy of exceptional craftsmanship, particularly in textiles, pottery, metalwork, and embroidery. Known for their intricate designs and attention to detail, their work has been highly valued both locally and internationally. Sindhi embroidery, such as sindhi rilli (quilted textiles), showcases vibrant patterns and cultural storytelling. Over centuries, these artisans have contributed significantly to Sindh's economy and cultural identity, blending traditional techniques with evolving styles. Today, the legacy of Sindhworkis continues to be celebrated for its enduring influence on the region's cultural heritage and craftsmanship.

Episode 18

Managing Religious Legacies : Migration and Reconstruction among the Sindhis of India

Managing Religious Legacies: Migration and Reconstruction among the Sindhis of India examines the experiences of Sindhi migrants who relocated to India after the Partition of 1947. This work focuses on how Sindhi Hindus preserved and adapted their religious and cultural practices in a new socio-political landscape. The book highlights the challenges they faced in maintaining their traditions while also integrating into Indian society. It explores the role of religious institutions, community networks, and personal narratives in the reconstruction of Sindhi identity, illustrating the resilience of the community in preserving their heritage despite the trauma of displacement.

  • Sindh: Real and Imagined

    Through the talk, Prof. Sarah Ansari and Prof. Rita Kothari take us through Sindh, real and imagined homeland from which we have been divorced. The talk delves into the issue of geographic distance between Sindh and Sindhis in India and the perception of Sindh through the complex dissipation of the Sindhi language, the religion and occupations of its diaspora, both in Sindh and India.

  • Marui

    Marui

    Marui was born in a community of nomads living in the Thar desert of eastern Sindh. Shah Abdul Latif Bhtai immortalizes the love legend of Marui through his poems. In this film made by the well-known documentary filmmaker Ms Shabnam Virmani, of the Kabir Project we have Prof. Rita Kothari who explores the legend of Marui along with the Sufi scholar, Mr Abdullah Hussain Turk.

  • Mohenjo-daro

    Mohenjo-daro

    Among the world's oldest cities, Mohenjo-daro is a mystery for researchers even today. Prof Michael Jansen and Dr Kaleemullah Lashari take us through their relationship with Mohenjo-daro, its architecture, the lesser known facts, its trade, script and their international connections through material remains.

  • Harappa

    Harappa

    Who were the Harappans? Are we related to them? Learn more about one of the oldest civilisations of the world from Prof. Vasant Shinde, who has extensively researched Harappan culture and civilization. Learn about the significance of Harappan research, how they are different from the Egyptians and the Mesopotamians and the latest research on the ancient DNA and craniofacial analysis of Harappans and present-day Indians.

  • Sindhu in the Rigveda

    Sindhu in the Rigveda

    It is said that the Vedas were written on the banks of the Indus river. In this talk, Dr. Sucheta Paranjpe and Dr Shilpa Sumant take us through Rigveda and the Rigvedic Culture. This is an enticing talk on science, philosophy and life as mentioned in the Rigveda.

  • Hinglaj

    Hinglaj

    Dr Jürgen Schaflechner and Dr Deepra Dandekar discuss shared sacred spaces through their research on Hinglaj and other Goddess shrines along their trading routes from the coastal regions of Sindh all the way to Maharashtra. Be a part of the journey to Hinglaj!

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